Results of Incident: Instead of destroying Mandel'shtam immediately, Stalin decided to torture him by forcing him into exile and sending him to work at Nazi camps over the next few years. During these years Mandel'shtam became depressed and tried to commit suicide several times. Eventually he started writing pro-Stalin poetry in attempts to save the lives of himself and his wife. He died in 1938, apparently due to an illness.

Description of Incident: La obra del artista Santiago Reyes "Eric y yo dormidos" que participaba en la última edición de la Bienal de Cuenca fue censurada por el Municipio de Cuenca "por temor a que los niñitos piensen que es normal la escena, que muestra a dos jóvenes en una cama, tapados y cogidos de la mano dijo Margarita Vega directora de Cultura del Municipalidad.

Results of Incident: La obra se expusó hasta antes de la censura en una valla pública, luego de la censura pudo ser observada únicamente dentro de una galería.

Description of Incident: Hassanpour and Hiva were brought before a revolutionary court on charges of spying and subverting national security in articles they had written. They were also linked to the Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran, a Kurdish rebel group. Iran is bound by a treaty with Turkey to crack down on Kurdish rebel groups.

Results of Incident: The court sentenced the journalists to be hanged as enemies of God. The execution of journalists is rare in Iran, but currently a number of journalists are being held in Iranian prisons.

Description of Incident: The organizers for the event entitled "Kissing" received a letter saying that their application for a license to hold the event had been rejected. Amy Tsang, deputy director of media content, explained that while homosexual material could be displayed in certain contexts, it is illegal to show artwork promoting a homosexual lifestyle.

Results of Incident: The exhibit was to be part of a two-week gay pride celebration in Singapore. Gay actor Ian McKellen is now pushing that the gay community use this as a platform to bring repression issues into the open.

Former Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong is also attempting to introduce a bill in Parliament to remove the ban on gay sex in Singapore.

It also contains scenes of nudity and explicate sexuality weaved in with documentary footage of communism. As a whole, "W.R." is a critique of communist sexual repression. It is not a sex film, but rather a film about sex.

Description of Incident: "W.R." was shown at Yugoslav film festivals, but not released further due to Soviet pressure. The graphic sex was the biggest concern of the Ministry of Culture. Even President Josip Broz Tito had left during a screening of the film, calling it perverted. It also caused an uproar from concerned citizens. In 1973, a veteran's association who had been offended by the masturbation and homosexuality brought up a lawsuit against Makavejev.

Results of Incident: The film was shelved by the Ministry of Culture and Makavejev was exiled until 1988. "W.R." was shown in the West, but even there, the sexuality found objections and was cut.

Description of Incident: The film (which was created in 1986) had already faced trouble before going to Britain. In the United States, it had been given the "X" rating and no opportunity for cutting. This would doom it to failure, not even seeing wide release on video. It had also been completely banned in countries such as Switzerland and New Zealand.

In Britain, the BBFC decided not to ban the movie completely, although the director of the board thought that would be the best move. They began by removing any scene that would associate sex with violence, explaining that this would dehumanize women in the minds of the viewers. However, after interviewing forensic psychiatrists who explained that the film reflects the same lack of morals that serial killers operate under, the board decided more would need to be cut for the video release.

Results of Incident: The BBFC not only made many extra cuts to the video version, but rearranged a scene of Henry and his sidekick watching a video they took of themselves invading a home. McNaughton describes this as the "key scene of the picture."

The board explained that they believed watching the scene of a video taping on a video would make it seem considerably more real than being on a film screen. This would allow a small proportion of viewers, they say, to live out their sick fantasies over and over again.

As a result, the video of "Henry" is more censored than the film version in Britain.

Description of Incident: The book was published in Switzerland and to be distributed in France, but the shipments were stopped at French boarders by officials. Jean-Loius Debré, the minister of the interior, stated that the book could not be distributed on the grounds that France could officially take no side in the conflict (In fact, the government secretly supported the Algerian government). He was also worried that the book's anti-French tone would lead the country's north-African immigrant population to violent acts.

Results of Incident: French publishers protested the ban, but it was not lifted. The Swiss publisher, Hoggar, published the book on its website due to popular demand.

Description of Incident: Complaints from residents of Victoria that characters in the scandalous sections of the novel might be based on real people were sent to the Victoria police. This caused the Trade and Customs department to adopt the British method of judging obscenity (Which was based on the intent of the author to corrupt) to make a decision on the book.

Results of Incident: The attorney general did not find "Redheap" to be particularly indecent, but pressure from influential people in Victoria led to the book being banned anyway. The ruling was not to be repealed until the late 1950's.

Description of Incident: In the early 1950's, all musicians had to pass work through the Composers' Union (Which was overseen by the KGB), which would decide if a piece could be performed. Legeti saw much of his work banned for minor reasons. For example, one was banned for having "ended with a minor second interval between mezzo-soprano and tenor." These were deemed too modern and "bourgeois," therefore making them unfit to be performed.

Results of Incident: The novel is a biography of the revolutionary Liu Zhidan, who had been a popular leader of communist guerrillas in the 1930's.

For the next several years, Legeti decided his serious works must be written in secret and were locked in his drawers. He left Hungary for the West in 1956 after the Hungarian revolt had been put down. He kept his works with him, hiding them as he crossed the boarder into Austria.

Description of Incident: Small sections of the novel had been published in newspapers in 1962. Yan Hongyan, a party official, had been strongly opposed to Liu Zhidan's leadership methods and complained to Kang Sheng.

Kang Sheng spoke in public about the novel and described it as "anti-party." He said it would spread negative ideologies and denounced it for portraying some of the party's enemies in a positive light. These accusations came to Mao Zedong's attention and led him to order an investigation surrounding Li Jiantong and her accomplices.

Results of Incident: Li Jiantong and her supporters were arrested by the police for dampening the impact of Mao's achievements through the praise of Liu Zhidan. They were put to "reform through labor" and the book was banned until 1978, by which time the opinion of Liu Zhidan was reversed to make him into a revolutionary hero.

Description of Incident: At the age of 74, censor Zhang Wenda had Li Zhi put on trial for spreading dangerous ideas and challenging the current orthodoxy. In reality this was partially a political move aimed at the enemies of Zhang Wenda's faction. Li Zhi was charged of seducing female students, one of which was the daughter of a high-ranking official. Zhang Wenda used this fact to embarrass his opposition.

Results of Incident: Li Zhi's printing blocks were ordered to be burned and he was given an extended prison sentence. Zhi cut his throat, feeling humiliated that he would be under surveillance.

Description of Incident: After complaints from the minister of the interior and the National Religious Party, the Israeli Theater and Film Censorship Board ordered it banned in 1982. It was not even given the opportunity for cuts.

Results of Incident: In response, two members of parliament prepared a bill against art censorship, saying it was only required in cases of slander. Unions of artists and writers also staged rallies, demanding that the censorship board be abolished.

After this, the censorship board gave the play another chance, provided it would cut the scene with the Shabbat candles, in addition to a few others.

Description of Incident: Even though the city council of Glasgow has partially funded the event, they refused to advertise for it on the large plasma screen above the Glasgow Concert Hall. The council's marketing bureau stands by its right to reject "inappropriate material."

Results of Incident: The move has been criticized by academics but the decision on the council's part has not changed. The show will continue to run until mid-August.

Description of Incident: An aristocrat who saw the poem as an attack on the best families in Russia showed it to the head of the secret police and emperor Nicholas I. The copy sent to the emperor was labeled "A Call to Revolution." He immediately considered it political subversion and that it implied his own connection to the death of Pushkin.

Results of Incident: Although the head of the secret police found nothing objectionable in the piece, circumstances forced him to denounce it as seditious. Nicholas had Lermontov examined for insanity and then exiled him to the Caucasus.

Description of Incident: A few hours after the opening of the exhibit entitled "The Dog in Art," the organizers noticed the drawings and took them down. Exhibition organizer Märta Wennerström explained that they were worried that portraying Mohammed as dog would offend Muslim visitors and that although they are not proud of the decision, believed it needed to be done as she was complained to.

Results of Incident: The pictures were taken down to avoid an uproar.